:root {
  --bg: #f5f5f7;
  --surface: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
  --surface-strong: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  --line: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
  --text: #101114;
  --muted: #5d6472;
  --accent: #0a84ff;
  --accent-soft: rgba(10, 132, 255, 0.12);
  --shadow: 0 24px 64px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
  --radius-xl: 32px;
  --radius-lg: 24px;
  --radius-md: 18px;
  --max-width: 1240px;
  --transition-fast: 180ms;
  --transition-medium: 300ms;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "SF Pro Display", "SF Pro Text", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  color: var(--text);
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at top left, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.96), transparent 24%),
    radial-gradient(circle at top right, rgba(245, 245, 247, 0.92), transparent 28%),
    linear-gradient(180deg, #fbfbfd 0%, #f5f5f7 42%, #eef0f3 100%);
  background-attachment: fixed;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.analytics-hidden,
#clustrmaps,
#clustrmaps-widget-v2,
.clustrmaps-map-control,
.clustrmaps-visit,
.clustrmaps-container {
  display: none !important;
  visibility: hidden !important;
  width: 0 !important;
  height: 0 !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  opacity: 0 !important;
  pointer-events: none !important;
}

img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast) ease;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

a:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 2px;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

code,
pre {
  font-family: "SF Mono", "Menlo", "Monaco", "Courier New", monospace;
}

::selection {
  background-color: var(--accent-soft);
  color: var(--text);
}

.page-shell {
  min-height: 100vh;
}

.topbar {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 20;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  width: min(calc(100% - 32px), var(--max-width));
  margin: 18px auto 0;
  padding: 16px 24px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
  border-radius: 16px;
  backdrop-filter: blur(20px) saturate(180%);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 24px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04), 0 1px 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.02);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast) ease;
}

.topbar:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08), 0 2px 4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  border-color: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

.brand {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--text);
}

.topnav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 28px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.topnav a {
  position: relative;
  padding: 6px 0;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast) ease;
}

.topnav a::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #0a84ff, #af52de);
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: width var(--transition-fast) ease;
}

.topnav a:hover {
  color: var(--text);
}

.topnav a:hover::after {
  width: 100%;
}

.topnav a.active {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.topnav a.active::after {
  width: 100%;
}

main {
  width: min(calc(100% - 32px), var(--max-width));
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.section {
  padding: 56px 0;
}

.section-tight {
  padding-top: 18px;
}

.hero {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 26px;
  align-items: start;
  min-height: auto;
  padding: 56px 0 20px;
}

.hero-head {
  max-width: 100%;
}

.hero-body-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.9fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr);
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: start;
}

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero h1,
.section-heading h2 {
  margin: 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.05em;
  line-height: 0.95;
}

.hero h1 {
  max-width: none;
  font-size: clamp(2.9rem, 5vw, 5.2rem);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.hero-kicker {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: #3c4452;
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 1.8vw, 1.45rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

.hero-subtitle {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  font-size: clamp(0.9rem, 1.2vw, 1.0rem);
  color: #2c313b;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

.hero-summary,
.section-heading p,
.feature-card p,
.stat-card p,
.method-card p,
.figure-card figcaption,
.prose-card p,
.collab-line,
.author-list,
.detail-list,
table {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.hero-summary {
  max-width: 58ch;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  font-size: 1.06rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.hero-actions,
.inline-actions,
.meta-strip {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 14px;
}

.hero-actions {
  margin-top: 32px;
}

.meta-strip {
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.meta-strip span {
  padding: 10px 14px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  color: #28303c;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

/* Tag styles */
.tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  border-radius: 10px;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast) ease;
  cursor: default;
  border: 1.5px solid;
}

.tag-icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.tag:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* Tag color variants */
.tag-blue {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f7ff 0%, #e3f2fd 100%);
  border-color: #bbdefb;
  color: #1976d2;
}

.tag-blue:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e3f2fd 0%, #bbdefb 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(33, 150, 243, 0.2);
}

.tag-green {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f1f8f4 0%, #e8f5e9 100%);
  border-color: #a5d6a7;
  color: #388e3c;
}

.tag-green:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e8f5e9 0%, #c8e6c9 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(76, 175, 80, 0.2);
}

.tag-purple {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #faf5fc 0%, #f3e5f5 100%);
  border-color: #e1bee7;
  color: #7b1fa2;
}

.tag-purple:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f3e5f5 0%, #e1bee7 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(156, 39, 176, 0.2);
}

.tag-orange {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fffaf0 0%, #fff3e0 100%);
  border-color: #ffcc80;
  color: #f57c00;
}

.tag-orange:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fff3e0 0%, #ffe0b2 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(255, 152, 0, 0.2);
}

.button {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  min-height: 52px;
  padding: 0 24px;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast) ease;
  cursor: pointer;
  will-change: transform;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.button::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), transparent);
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity var(--transition-fast) ease;
}

.button:hover::before {
  opacity: 1;
}

.button-icon {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.button-icon svg {
  display: block;
}

.button:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.15);
}

.button:active {
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
}

/* Primary button - Paper */
.button-primary {
  border-color: rgba(10, 132, 255, 0.25);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #7db8ff 0%, #4da3ff 100%);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(10, 132, 255, 0.2);
}

.button-primary:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #99c9ff 0%, #66b3ff 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(10, 132, 255, 0.3);
  border-color: rgba(10, 132, 255, 0.4);
}

/* Code button - GitHub style */
.button-code {
  border-color: rgba(100, 120, 140, 0.25);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #6b7785 0%, #586069 100%);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(68, 77, 86, 0.15);
}

.button-code:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #7d8a98 0%, #6b7785 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(68, 77, 86, 0.25);
  border-color: rgba(100, 120, 140, 0.4);
}

/* Demo button - Vibrant orange */
.button-demo {
  border-color: rgba(255, 149, 0, 0.25);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffc870 0%, #ffb340 100%);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(255, 149, 0, 0.2);
}

.button-demo:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffd699 0%, #ffc870 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(255, 149, 0, 0.3);
  border-color: rgba(255, 149, 0, 0.4);
}

/* BibTeX button - Purple accent */
.button-bibtex {
  border-color: rgba(175, 82, 222, 0.25);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #d9a3ff 0%, #c77dff 100%);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(175, 82, 222, 0.2);
}

.button-bibtex:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e6b8ff 0%, #d9a3ff 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(175, 82, 222, 0.3);
  border-color: rgba(175, 82, 222, 0.4);
}

/* Neutral button - Gray */
.button-neutral {
  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f5f5f7 0%, #e8e8ed 100%);
  color: var(--text);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.button-neutral:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f5f5f7 100%);
  box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
}

/* Button ripple effect */
@keyframes ripple {
  0% {
    transform: scale(0);
    opacity: 0.6;
  }
  100% {
    transform: scale(2);
    opacity: 0;
  }
}

.button:active::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  width: 100px;
  height: 100px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(0);
  animation: ripple 0.6s ease-out;
}

/* Responsive button adjustments */
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .button {
    min-height: 48px;
    padding: 0 20px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }

  .button-icon svg {
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
  }

  .hero-actions {
    gap: 10px;
  }

  .tag {
    padding: 8px 12px;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
  }

  .tag-icon {
    width: 14px;
    height: 14px;
  }

  .meta-strip {
    gap: 8px;
  }
}

.card {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  background: var(--surface);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
  transition: transform var(--transition-medium) ease, box-shadow var(--transition-medium) ease;
}

.card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 32px 80px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.12);
}

.hero-figure {
  padding: 22px;
  max-width: none;
  margin: 0;
}

.hero-figure img {
  border-radius: 20px;
}

.figure-intro {
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-top: 18px;
  padding: 18px 4px 4px;
}

.figure-label {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.figure-intro p:last-child {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.authors {
  text-align: center;
}

.collab-line {
  margin: 0 auto 12px;
  max-width: 70ch;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.author-list {
  margin: 0 auto;
  max-width: 90ch;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.authors-card {
  padding: 28px;
}

.authors-line {
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center;
  text-wrap: balance;
  line-height: 2.1;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.author-name {
  display: inline-block;
  color: #1b2029;
  line-height: inherit;
  margin-right: 0.18rem;
}

.author-name:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.author-name:not(:last-child)::after {
  content: ",";
  color: #1b2029;
}

.author-name sup,
.affiliation-list sup,
.correspondence-line sup {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.72em;
  vertical-align: super;
  line-height: 0;
}

.affiliation-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px 18px;
  margin-top: 20px;
  padding-top: 18px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
  text-align: center;
}

.affiliation-list span {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 4px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.98rem;
}

.affiliation-list sup {
  font-size: 0.72em;
  vertical-align: super;
  line-height: 0;
}

.correspondence-line {
  margin-top: 16px;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.96rem;
}

.correspondence-line a {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.section-heading {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 0 auto 30px;
  text-align: center;
}

.section-heading h2 {
  font-size: clamp(2.0rem, 5vw, 2.8rem);
}

.section-heading p {
  margin: 18px auto 0;
  max-width: 70ch;
  font-size: 1.03rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

.compact-heading {
  margin-top: 42px;
}

.grid,
.figure-grid,
.method-layout {
  display: grid;
  gap: 22px;
}

.three-col {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.two-col,
.method-layout {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}

.paper-grid {
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.method-advantages {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  margin-top: 22px;
}

.feature-card,
.stat-card,
.method-card,
.figure-card,
.prose-card {
  padding: 28px;
}

.feature-card h3,
.stat-card h3,
.method-card h3,
.prose-card h3 {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}

.feature-card p,
.stat-card p,
.method-card p,
.prose-card p,
.detail-list {
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.75;
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.formula-block {
  margin: 18px 0 20px;
  padding: 18px 20px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.07);
  border-radius: 18px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
}

.formula-block .MathJax {
  font-size: 1.02rem !important;
}

.detail-list {
  padding-left: 20px;
}

.detail-list li + li {
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.stat-label {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.table-card,
.pdf-card {
  padding: 24px;
  margin-top: 22px;
}

.narrow-card {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.table-header {
  display: flex;
  align-items: end;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.table-header h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.45rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}

.table-wrap {
  overflow-x: auto;
}

table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 0.97rem;
}

th,
td {
  padding: 14px 14px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
  text-align: left;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

th {
  color: #232833;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

tbody tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.group-row td {
  background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  color: #232833;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.highlight-row td {
  background: rgba(10, 132, 255, 0.08);
  color: #18212e;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.figure-card {
  overflow: visible;
  padding: 18px;
}

.figure-card img {
  border-radius: 18px;
  background: #fff;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.figure-card figcaption {
  margin-top: 14px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.prose-card pre {
  margin: 16px 0 0;
  padding: 18px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  border-radius: 18px;
  background: #101114;
  color: #eef2f7;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
  white-space: pre-wrap;
  word-break: break-word;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

.inline-actions {
  margin-top: 16px;
}

.analysis-copy {
  max-width: 1080px;
  margin: 22px auto 0;
}

.pdf-card iframe {
  width: 100%;
  height: min(1200px, 82vh);
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 20px;
  background: #fff;
}

.reveal {
  animation: rise-in 700ms ease both;
}

@keyframes rise-in {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(22px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

/* Smooth scrolling for reduced motion preference */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }
}

/* Performance optimization */
.topbar,
.card,
.button {
  contain: layout style paint;
}

/* Focus styles for accessibility */
*:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* Table improvements */
table {
  border-collapse: collapse;
  width: 100%;
}

th {
  font-weight: 600;
  text-align: left;
}

tr:hover {
  background: rgba(10, 132, 255, 0.04);
  transition: background var(--transition-fast) ease;
}

/* Active navigation link */
.topnav a.active {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* Copy button for code blocks */
.copy-button {
  position: absolute;
  top: 12px;
  right: 12px;
  padding: 6px 12px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast) ease;
  z-index: 10;
}

.copy-button:hover {
  background: #fff;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);
}

.copy-button:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Scroll to top button - Apple style */
.scroll-to-top {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 32px;
  right: 32px;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
  color: var(--text);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  backdrop-filter: blur(20px) saturate(180%);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  transition: all var(--transition-fast) ease;
  z-index: 100;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(10px);
}

.scroll-to-top[style*="flex"] {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.scroll-to-top:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16), 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}

.scroll-to-top:active {
  transform: translateY(0);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* Iframe loader */
.iframe-loader {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  padding: 20px 32px;
  background: var(--surface);
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--muted);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.pdf-card {
  position: relative;
}

/* Improved link hover states */
.correspondence-line a:hover,
.inline-actions a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* Loading skeleton for images */
img[loading="lazy"] {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f0f0f0 25%, #e0e0e0 50%, #f0f0f0 75%);
  background-size: 200% 100%;
  animation: loading 1.5s infinite;
}

@keyframes loading {
  0% {
    background-position: 200% 0;
  }
  100% {
    background-position: -200% 0;
  }
}

img[loading="lazy"].loaded {
  animation: none;
  background: none;
}

/* Lightbox styles */
.lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  z-index: 9999;
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.lightbox.active {
  display: flex;
}

.lightbox-backdrop {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.92);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease;
}

.lightbox-content {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 95vw;
  max-height: 95vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  z-index: 1;
  animation: zoomIn 0.3s ease;
}

.lightbox-image {
  max-width: 90vw;
  max-height: 85vh;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
  user-select: none;
}

.lightbox-caption {
  margin-top: 20px;
  padding: 12px 24px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  border-radius: 8px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  max-width: 80vw;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.lightbox-close,
.lightbox-zoom-in,
.lightbox-zoom-out {
  position: absolute;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  border: none;
  border-radius: 50%;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast) ease;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
  z-index: 2;
}

.lightbox-close {
  top: 20px;
  right: 20px;
}

.lightbox-zoom-in {
  top: 20px;
  right: 80px;
}

.lightbox-zoom-out {
  top: 20px;
  right: 140px;
}

.lightbox-close:hover,
.lightbox-zoom-in:hover,
.lightbox-zoom-out:hover {
  background: #fff;
  transform: scale(1.1);
}

.lightbox-close:active,
.lightbox-zoom-in:active,
.lightbox-zoom-out:active {
  transform: scale(0.95);
}

.lightbox-close svg,
.lightbox-zoom-in svg,
.lightbox-zoom-out svg {
  color: var(--text);
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

@keyframes zoomIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scale(0.8);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: scale(1);
  }
}

/* Mobile lightbox adjustments */
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .lightbox-close,
  .lightbox-zoom-in,
  .lightbox-zoom-out {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
  }

  .lightbox-close {
    top: 10px;
    right: 10px;
  }

  .lightbox-zoom-in {
    top: 10px;
    right: 60px;
  }

  .lightbox-zoom-out {
    top: 10px;
    right: 110px;
  }

  .lightbox-caption {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    padding: 10px 16px;
    max-width: 90vw;
  }

  .lightbox-image {
    max-width: 95vw;
    max-height: 80vh;
  }

  .scroll-to-top {
    bottom: 20px;
    right: 20px;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
  }

  .scroll-to-top svg {
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 1080px) {
  .three-col,
  .two-col,
  .paper-grid,
  .method-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .method-advantages {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .hero-body-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .hero h1 {
    max-width: none;
    white-space: normal;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .topbar {
    padding: 12px 16px;
    border-radius: 24px;
  }

  .topnav {
    display: none;
  }

  main,
  .topbar {
    width: min(calc(100% - 20px), var(--max-width));
  }

  .section {
    padding: 42px 0;
  }

  .feature-card,
  .stat-card,
  .method-card,
  .figure-card,
  .prose-card,
  .table-card,
  .pdf-card {
    padding: 20px;
  }

  .figure-card {
    max-width: 60%;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
  }

  .hero-figure {
    max-width: 95%;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .method-advantages {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  th,
  td {
    padding: 12px 10px;
  }
}